Growing and Caring for the Mighty Rhubarb Plant
There are many stories out there of rhubarb plants lasting decades, or crowns being shared as family heirlooms. That’s one of the best kind of heirlooms, in my opinion. Some would disagree. If you’re lucky enough to have rhubarb in your garden, choose your space wisely. They’re large and in charge!
I know my grandmother had some prized rhubarb plants that took over a nice space in her garden, but my plants came from a local gardener who had crowns from some very old rhubarb plants.
No matter the provenance of your rhubarb, it’s is a garden classic, known for its bold red stalks and tart flavor. It's one of the first signs of spring, often poking through the soil as the last frost fades. With proper care, a single rhubarb plant can produce for many many years, making it a long-lasting addition to your edible landscape. In this guide, we’ll explore how to grow, maintain, and harvest rhubarb, along with some history.
A Brief History of Rhubarb
Rhubarb has a long history, originally cultivated for its medicinal properties in China as far back as 2700 BC. It wasn’t until the 18th century that it became popular as a food crop in Europe and North America, primarily used in pies and preserves. Now you can find savory and sweet rhubarb recipes to make use of your harvest!
Growing Rhubarb
Rhubarb is a perennial, meaning it returns year after year. It thrives in USDA zones 3 to 8 and prefers full sun and well-drained soil. It also requires winter temps below 40 degrees, so thrives in the NE. When planting rhubarb:
Spacing: Rhubarb needs space—plant crowns about 3-4 feet apart. They are great structural interest in your garden as well.
Soil: Well-draining soil enriched with compost is ideal. Rhubarb prefers a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0 to 7.0).
Watering: Consistent watering is key, especially during dry spells and when first planted.
Mulching: Apply mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Dividing: Divide every 3-4 years in early spring or fall. Dividing helps keep the crowns/plants healthy. Bonus you get more rhubarb plants (or you can gift them to your friends).
Spring and Fall Maintenance
Rhubarb is fairly low-maintenance but benefits from seasonal care:
Spring: Remove any dead leaves and add a layer of compost around the base of the plant.
Fall: Cut back any dead foliage after the first frost and apply a thick layer of mulch to protect the crown during winter.
Flower Removal: Rhubarb may produce flower stalks in spring. Cut these off as soon as they appear to prevent energy from being diverted from stalk growth. These make interesting flower arrangements. Just use caution with the leaves - they are extremely toxic to humans and pets if ingested.
When and How to Harvest
Only the stalks are edible. DO NOT eat the leaves. They are toxic.
Rhubarb is typically ready for harvest in its second year, but sparingly. In its third year and beyond, you can begin harvesting more generously:
Timing: Stalks are ready when they are 12 to 18 inches long and ¾” wide. Many say harvest when they are red, but some varieties are more green than red, so go by size.
Method: Grasp the stalk near the base, twist, and pull. Avoid cutting, as tearing encourages stronger growth.
How Much to Harvest: Never take more than one-third of the plant’s stalks at a time to ensure it continues to thrive.
Rhubarb is a resilient and rewarding plant that adds a burst of color and flavor to your garden. With the right care, you’ll be able to enjoy fresh rhubarb for years to come. Stay tuned for delicious rhubarb recipes to put your harvest to good use!
Thanks for reading! If you’re inspired to deepen your plant-based journey or cultivate your gardening skills, I’m here to support you. Explore personalized coaching, workshops, and more on my Work With Me page. Let’s grow together!